Asteroid spacecraft "Hayabusa 2"

Asteroid spacecraft of Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) "Hayabusa 2" the 30th, be launched at the Tanegashima Space Center domestic flagship rocket from (Kagoshima Prefecture) "H2A". By landing on an asteroid were taken, such as rocks and sand, and bring back to Earth in November-December 2020. While Japanese companies such as Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. and NEC is utilizing also the power of cultivated "manufacturing", I challenge to elucidate the origin of life.
Asteroid that Hayabusa 2 aim the landing is "1999JU3", it is that there is an essential water and organic matter to the birth of life. We arrived at around June 18, on the surface of the asteroid by firing a bullet, etc. were collected rocks and rock, and bring back to Earth. It is a long journey to fly about 5.2 billion kilometers back and forth over 6 years.
Founder of spacecraft "Hayabusa" was launched in '03, it was returned to June 10 were taken the fine particles asteroid "Itokawa". Was doubtful the feedback in trouble, such as engines, round trip of the Earth and the asteroid was achieved. However, the collected rocks was only about a small amount is not visible to the naked eye.
The goal of the collection of the Hayabusa 2's 100 milligrams significantly above primary. After arriving at the asteroid, to stay over one and a half years in the vicinity of the asteroid, to find a sufficient amount of places where such can be recovered rock, to determine the landing site.
Also large role of Japanese companies towards success.
MHI manufacturing a device for controlling the attitude of the spacecraft. Because it caused a fuel leak in the first generation, the sake of success by reviewing the welding methods such as piping.
Equipment for collecting rocks and sand from asteroids Sumitomo Heavy Industries, was in charge. The improved primary and easily incorporate the sand, was increased to three repository also from two. IHI Aerospace of IHI subsidiary to prepare a special capsule that contains the sample, such as a rock. For the capsule to shoot from the spacecraft when you return to Earth to reach 12 kilometers per second, was surely enhance the reliability of the equipment so that the parachute opens.
NEC was compiled the manufacturing of aircraft. Did on shortening delivery time to about half two and a half years, compared to a conventional artificial satellite, was achieved a high spec, such as operating performance and communication technology JAXA side seek.
And I want you to show through concrete results the power of Japanese companies. And I want you to bring back the great achievements beyond the long journey by success in successfully launching.



宇宙航空研究開発機構（ＪＡＸＡ）の小惑星探査機「はやぶさ２」が30日、種子島宇宙センター（鹿児島県）から国産主力ロケット「Ｈ２Ａ」で打ち上げられる。小惑星に着陸して岩石や砂などを採取し、2020年11～12月に地球に持ち帰る。三菱重工業やＮＥＣなどの日本企業が培った「ものづくり」の力も生かしながら、生命起源の解明に挑む。
　はやぶさ２が着陸を狙う小惑星は「1999ＪＵ３」で、生命の誕生に欠かせない水や有機物があるとされる。18年６月ごろに到着、小惑星の表面に弾丸を発射して岩石や岩などを採取し、地球まで持ち帰る。６年間かけて往復して約52億キロを飛行する長い旅路だ。
　初代の探査機「はやぶさ」は03年に打ち上げられ、小惑星「イトカワ」で微粒子を採取して10年６月に帰還した。エンジンなどのトラブルで帰還が危ぶまれたが、地球と小惑星の往復は達成した。ただ、採取した岩石は肉眼では見えないほどわずかな量しかなかった。
　はやぶさ２の採取の目標は初代を大幅に上回る100ミリグラムだ。小惑星に到着後、１年半にわたって小惑星の周辺に滞在し、十分な量の岩石などが回収できる場所を見つけ、着陸地点を決める。成功に向けて日本企業の役割も大きい。
　三菱重工業は探査機の姿勢を制御する装置を製造。初代では燃料漏れを起こしたため、配管などの溶接法を見直し成功を期する。
　岩石や砂を小惑星から採取する装置は住友重機械工業が担当した。初代を改良し砂などを取り入れやすくし、収納庫も２つから３つに増やした。ＩＨＩ子会社のＩＨＩエアロスペースは岩石などのサンプルを入れる特殊カプセルを作製した。地球に帰還する際に探査機から放つカプセルは秒速12キロメートルに達するため、確実にパラシュートが開くよう機器の信頼性を高めた。
　ＮＥＣは機体の製造を取りまとめた。納期を通常の人工衛星に比べて約半分の２年半に短縮したうえ、ＪＡＸＡ側が求める運航性能や通信技術など高いスペックを実現した。
　日本企業の力を具体的な成果を通じて見せてほしいですね。無事発射に成功して長旅を超えて大きな成果を持ち帰って欲しいですね。